人类轻松地检测突出物体是几个领域的研究的主题，包括计算机愿景，因为它具有许多应用。然而，突出物体检测对于处理颜色和纹理图像的许多计算机模型仍然是一个挑战。这里，我们通过简单的模型提出了一种新颖和有效的策略，几乎没有内部参数，它为自然图像产生了强大的显着性图。该策略包括将颜色信息集成到局部纹理图案中，以表征颜色微纹理。使用颜色和纹理功能的文献中的大多数模型分别对待它们。在我们的情况下，它是一个简单而强大的LTP（本地三元模式）纹理描述符，应用于允许我们实现这一结束的彩色空间的相对颜色对。每种颜色微纹理由载体表示，载体由Slico（简单的线性迭代聚类与零参数）算法所获得的超像素，这是简单，快速的，表现出最先进的边界依从性。每对颜色微观纹理之间的异常程度是通过FastMAP方法计算的，该方法的快速版本（多维缩放），其在保持其距离时考虑颜色微纹理非线性。这些不同程度的不相似性为每个RGB，HSL，LUV和CMY颜色空间提供了中间显着图。最终的显着图是它们的组合，以利用它们中的每一个的强度。 MAE（平均绝对误差）和F $ _ {\ beta} $衡量我们的显着性图，在复杂的ECSSD数据集上显示，我们的模型既简单又高效，表现出几种最先进的模型。

Automotive radar sensors provide valuable information for advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS). Radars can reliably estimate the distance to an object and the relative velocity, regardless of weather and light conditions. However, radar sensors suffer from low resolution and huge intra-class variations in the shape of objects. Exploiting the time information (e.g., multiple frames) has been shown to help to capture better the dynamics of objects and, therefore, the variation in the shape of objects. Most temporal radar object detectors use 3D convolutions to learn spatial and temporal information. However, these methods are often non-causal and unsuitable for real-time applications. This work presents RECORD, a new recurrent CNN architecture for online radar object detection. We propose an end-to-end trainable architecture mixing convolutions and ConvLSTMs to learn spatio-temporal dependencies between successive frames. Our model is causal and requires only the past information encoded in the memory of the ConvLSTMs to detect objects. Our experiments show such a method's relevance for detecting objects in different radar representations (range-Doppler, range-angle) and outperform state-of-the-art models on the ROD2021 and CARRADA datasets while being less computationally expensive. The code will be available soon.

In this paper, we introduce a novel network that generates semantic, instance, and part segmentation using a shared encoder and effectively fuses them to achieve panoptic-part segmentation. Unifying these three segmentation problems allows for mutually improved and consistent representation learning. To fuse the predictions of all three heads efficiently, we introduce a parameter-free joint fusion module that dynamically balances the logits and fuses them to create panoptic-part segmentation. Our method is evaluated on the Cityscapes Panoptic Parts (CPP) and Pascal Panoptic Parts (PPP) datasets. For CPP, the PartPQ of our proposed model with joint fusion surpasses the previous state-of-the-art by 1.6 and 4.7 percentage points for all areas and segments with parts, respectively. On PPP, our joint fusion outperforms a model using the previous top-down merging strategy by 3.3 percentage points in PartPQ and 10.5 percentage points in PartPQ for partitionable classes.

Artificial intelligence is set to be deployed in operating rooms to improve surgical care. This early-stage clinical evaluation shows the feasibility of concurrently attaining real-time, high-quality predictions from several deep neural networks for endoscopic video analysis deployed for assistance during three laparoscopic cholecystectomies.

Assessing the critical view of safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy requires accurate identification and localization of key anatomical structures, reasoning about their geometric relationships to one another, and determining the quality of their exposure. In this work, we propose to capture each of these aspects by modeling the surgical scene with a disentangled latent scene graph representation, which we can then process using a graph neural network. Unlike previous approaches using graph representations, we explicitly encode in our graphs semantic information such as object locations and shapes, class probabilities and visual features. We also incorporate an auxiliary image reconstruction objective to help train the latent graph representations. We demonstrate the value of these components through comprehensive ablation studies and achieve state-of-the-art results for critical view of safety prediction across multiple experimental settings.

Machine Learning models capable of handling the large datasets collected in the financial world can often become black boxes expensive to run. The quantum computing paradigm suggests new optimization techniques, that combined with classical algorithms, may deliver competitive, faster and more interpretable models. In this work we propose a quantum-enhanced machine learning solution for the prediction of credit rating downgrades, also known as fallen-angels forecasting in the financial risk management field. We implement this solution on a neutral atom Quantum Processing Unit with up to 60 qubits on a real-life dataset. We report competitive performances against the state-of-the-art Random Forest benchmark whilst our model achieves better interpretability and comparable training times. We examine how to improve performance in the near-term validating our ideas with Tensor Networks-based numerical simulations.

Recent works have shown that unstructured text (documents) from online sources can serve as useful auxiliary information for zero-shot image classification. However, these methods require access to a high-quality source like Wikipedia and are limited to a single source of information. Large Language Models (LLM) trained on web-scale text show impressive abilities to repurpose their learned knowledge for a multitude of tasks. In this work, we provide a novel perspective on using an LLM to provide text supervision for a zero-shot image classification model. The LLM is provided with a few text descriptions from different annotators as examples. The LLM is conditioned on these examples to generate multiple text descriptions for each class(referred to as views). Our proposed model, I2MVFormer, learns multi-view semantic embeddings for zero-shot image classification with these class views. We show that each text view of a class provides complementary information allowing a model to learn a highly discriminative class embedding. Moreover, we show that I2MVFormer is better at consuming the multi-view text supervision from LLM compared to baseline models. I2MVFormer establishes a new state-of-the-art on three public benchmark datasets for zero-shot image classification with unsupervised semantic embeddings.

One of the recent advances in surgical AI is the recognition of surgical activities as triplets of (instrument, verb, target). Albeit providing detailed information for computer-assisted intervention, current triplet recognition approaches rely only on single frame features. Exploiting the temporal cues from earlier frames would improve the recognition of surgical action triplets from videos. In this paper, we propose Rendezvous in Time (RiT) - a deep learning model that extends the state-of-the-art model, Rendezvous, with temporal modeling. Focusing more on the verbs, our RiT explores the connectedness of current and past frames to learn temporal attention-based features for enhanced triplet recognition. We validate our proposal on the challenging surgical triplet dataset, CholecT45, demonstrating an improved recognition of the verb and triplet along with other interactions involving the verb such as (instrument, verb). Qualitative results show that the RiT produces smoother predictions for most triplet instances than the state-of-the-arts. We present a novel attention-based approach that leverages the temporal fusion of video frames to model the evolution of surgical actions and exploit their benefits for surgical triplet recognition.

Object permanence is the concept that objects do not suddenly disappear in the physical world. Humans understand this concept at young ages and know that another person is still there, even though it is temporarily occluded. Neural networks currently often struggle with this challenge. Thus, we introduce explicit object permanence into two stage detection approaches drawing inspiration from particle filters. At the core, our detector uses the predictions of previous frames as additional proposals for the current one at inference time. Experiments confirm the feedback loop improving detection performance by a up to 10.3 mAP with little computational overhead. Our approach is suited to extend two-stage detectors for stabilized and reliable detections even under heavy occlusion. Additionally, the ability to apply our method without retraining an existing model promises wide application in real-world tasks.

深度学习体系结构的令人印象深刻的性能与模型复杂性的大量增加有关。需要对数百万个参数进行调整，并相应地进行训练和推理时间扩展。但是需要进行大规模的微调吗？在本文中，专注于图像分类，我们考虑了一种简单的转移学习方法利用预卷积特征作为快速内核方法的输入。我们将这种方法称为最佳调整，因为只有内核分类器经过培训。通过执行2500多个培训过程，我们表明这种最佳调整方法提供了可比的精度W.R.T.进行微调，训练时间较小在一个和两个数量级之间。这些结果表明，顶级调整为中小型数据集中的微调提供了有用的替代方法，尤其是在训练效率至关重要的情况下。